Historical myths are often better known than facts. Here are three commonly known

Praotec Čech (Forefather Czech)

Czech tribes led by the father Čech stopped their journey at the Říp mountain (about 50 km north of Prague). There he beheld the "land of milk and honey" and decided to settle. His brother Lech had separated from his tribe earlier and became the founder of the Polish nation.

Přemysl and Libuše

Countess Libuše, Čech's grand daughter, ruled the Czech people after the death of her father Krok. She was gifted with prophetic powers and foresaw the founding of Prague. She resided at Vyšehrad and in one of her prophetic moments declared: "I see a large city whose fame touches the stars." She then sent builders into the woods where they found a man making a threshold (práh) which also gave a name to the new city (i.e. Praha).

Once, when presiding over her court, she made a decision between two brothers. The one in whose disfavor she had decided, proclaimed: "Sorry are the men who let themselves be ruled by a woman!" Libuše became angry and promised the men a firm rule by a man. She sent a delegation to her secret lover Přemysl to call him to become the king of the Czechs. Přemysl was a farmer and the delegation led by Libuše's horse found him plowing his fields. That's why he is known as Přemysl Oráč (the Plower). Thus the Přemyslid dynasty ruling the Czech lands for over 300 years was founded.

Šárka (Maiden War)

Some women, discontent with the rule of men, went away and founded a castle called Děvín, from where they fought men with great success.

One of the maidens, Šárka, lured Ctirad and his men, who had slain many women, into a trap by pretending to have run away from the women's castle. After Ctirad, having fallen in love at first sight, had celebrated this encounter and fallen asleep, women stole upon him and his men, who were overpowered and killed. Ctirad himself was executed at the wheel.

Men, angered by Ctirad's death stormed Děvín, the castle of the women fighters, and killed all women who resisted including Šárka.